The Role of Behavioural Economics in the Stock Market in India

Published on: Mon Mar 13 2023

The Role of Behavioural Economics in the Stock Market in India

Behavioral economics is the study of the effects of psychological and social factors on economic decisions. The role of behavioral economics in the stock market has received significant attention in recent years, including in India.

It is assumed in traditional finance theory that investors are rational and always make decisions that maximise their expected utility. Behavioral economics, on the other hand, suggests that investors are not always rational and may make decisions influenced by emotions, biases, and other psychological factors.

The identification of various behavioral biases that can influence/affect investor decision-making is one of the most significant contributions of behavioral economics to the stock market. The "herd mentality" bias, for example, suggests that investors tend to follow the actions of other investors, even if it is not in their best interests. This can result in a phenomenon known as "market bubbles," in which the prices of specific stocks are driven to irrational levels.

The "confirmation bias" is another behavioral bias that can influence investor decisions. This bias implies that investors seek information that confirms their existing beliefs while ignoring information that contradicts them. As a result, investors may not be exposed to all relevant information, which can lead to suboptimal investment decisions.

In India, behavioural economics has been applied to the stock market in a variety of ways. One example is the application of nudge theory to encourage investors to make better decisions. According to Nudge theory, small changes in the decision environment can influence behaviour without limiting options. The use of default options, for example, that encourage investors to invest in diversified portfolios rather than individual stocks, can help mitigate the impact of behavioural biases.

Another case/example in point is the use of behavioural finance training programmes to educate investors on the various behavioural biases that can influence their decision-making. Understanding these biases may enable investors to make more informed decisions.

The impact of news and media on stock market behaviour in India has also been studied/researched using behavioural economics. According to one study, news about corporate governance issues can have a significant impact on stock prices. This suggests that when making investment decisions, investors may be influenced by non-financial factors.

Overall, behavioural economics' role in the Indian stock market is an emerging field with significant potential for improving investor decision-making. Understanding the various behavioural biases that can influence investment decisions allows investors to make more informed and rational decisions, resulting in better overall outcomes for the Indian stock market.

Returns are subject to market risk.

Past performance do not assure future returns.

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